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 I'd like to represent the scientists behind the Human Genome Project. The project, which started in 1989, involved efforts from several different countries and institutions with the goal of mapping the human genome. Research is still happening (interpreting data, some sequences difficult to view,) but a mostly complete genome was released in 2003. Knowledge of the genome useful for a number of reasons, especially in the field of medicine for predicting/treating genetic diseases. One major criticism of the project though, was that companies, or even groups of researchers, to demand high prices could demand high prices for the potentially life-saving information.

I'm sure there are other benefits/criticisms that I'm not recalling (or weren't mentioned in my high school biology class.) Alongside movements that seem to reject ideas such as biological determinism, the HGP might be interesting to look at.