recommended: R Krautheimer, Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308, (1980).
Aurelian wall, 3d c. AD
Capitoline, Palatine hills
Forum Romanum
Via Flaminia
Trastevere--poorer zone across Tiber
Imperial Fora
water supply cut by Byzantine invasion, 6th c AD
population returns to banks of Tiber
"Churchification"
476 AD, last emperor in West, deposed by Goths major war in 540s, city empties.
Bishop of Rome=Pope, whose secular governance follows, made official in 9th c.
major churches at peripheral burial sites, Vatican, Lateran
pilgrimage site, with hospices, monasteries, 7th-9th centuries
Castello Sant' Angelo, fortress at bridge to Vatican city, former imperial tomb
city as place of ceremonial transit.
Churches:
San Clemente
SS Giovanni e Paolo
Santa Sabina
SS Cosmas e Damiano
spolia
churches out of former temples, (so-called) Temple of Fortuna Virilis, Pantheon
residential pattern, population concentrated near river, esp since acqueducts no longer bring water to hills.
Cevelli family in part of Theatre of Marcellus
Capitoline reemerges as civic place, center of secular govt in 12th c. Senate reestablished there,
view of Capitoline, Senators' palace, by van Heemskerck ca. 1535, on eve on Michelangelo's replanning.